The 49 Sounds of Sanskrit

वर्णमाला · arranged by where the mouth makes them

स्वर Vowels · the sounds that flow

{{ t.d }}

{{ t.i }}

{{ h }}

{{ r.deva }}

{{ r.en }}

{{ c.d }}

{{ c.i }}

{{ c.ex }}

Read the table downwards and your tongue walks back to front: throat, palate, roof, teeth, lips. Read a row across and only one thing changes at a time — breath, then voice, then breath and voice together, then the nose. Nobody designed an alphabet this way again for two thousand years.